About Jillayne Schlicke

Educator in the field of mortgage lending and real estate. Follow me on Google+

Proposed RESPA Reform

When I read the news on HUD’s proposed reform of the Real Estate Settlement and Procedures Act (RESPA) I was skeptical. Cathy from Sequim challenged me to read the 96-page federal register document so we could all figure out what’s going on. I am here to tell you that there is one very good change coming out of this proposal. In fact, it’s so good that I am borderline hopeful that this change might do what legislation is suppose to do and what HUD forgot to do when they signed the original version of RESPA in 1974. But first, the changes that will have many, but not all mortgage brokers screaming bloody murder:

HUD wants to make the Good Faith Estimate (GFE) look the same, no matter where homebuyers apply. Right now there are many off-the-shelf (OTS) software systems that make the GFE look different from company to company. Also, some OTS software can be modified. Some fees, for example, the Yield Spread Premium (YSP), are shown down at the bottom of the form, below the “total costs

Any guesses as to if the BOA buyout of Countrywide will still happen?

CNN is reporting this morning that Countrywide is now the subject of an FBI investigation into their lending practices. Countrywide is suspected of engaging in “widespread fraud…which may have contributed to the subprime mortgage crisis that has rocked the U.S. economy.”

fbi 1The FBI will investigate Countrywide’s underwriting practices, the way loans were originated and their accounting representations to shareholders in regards to subprime loan losses.

I wonder if there are more whistleblowers ready to share what they know, or perhaps they already have which is what prompted the investigation.

This makes me believe that we are going to see many, many, many lenders in the next several weeks coming clean very fast about any accounting irregularities that they might have been trying to delay.

In addition, watch for underwriting guidelines to FURTHER tighten and expect that all publicly traded companies to come out with new “best practices” guidelines for all employees and third party originators. The big question is, will the new best practices guidelines will apply to senior management?

I’m trying to imagine what it would be like to be a Countrywide employee today, facing the possibility of being interviewed by the FBI.

Mortgage Brokers and Loan Originators Will Owe Fiduciary Duties to Consumers

…in Washington state. It’s only a matter of time: The Washington State House and Senate have both passed SB 6381. The March 4th House vote was 93 Yeas, 0 Nays, 0 Absent, 5 Excused.

This bill will now go to Governor Gregoire’s desk where she will likely sign it.

There are other state legislative changes on the horizon including SB 6452 which takes aim at yield spread premiums, requiring mortgage brokers/LOs to refund the difference between any YSP that was quoted at application time, and the final YSP earned at escrow, essentially wiping out a way for a broker/LO to earn a higher fee if interest rates go down on the wholesale side, but the consumer, being unaware of how the mortgage market works, is fine with a higher rate. This bill is still in committee but also looks likely to pass. Yes, yes, I know YSP can be helpful for consumers who do not want to pay any closing costs. The ability to structure loans this way is not effected. Instead, the ability for a broker/LO to earn a higher YSP than initially disclosed would go away. The majority of brokers and LOs I talk to do not have a problem with SB 6452. It makes the broker’s compensation transparent. Those who are able to justify their fee are completely fine with being accurate and honest up front in regards to their compensation.

SB 6381 on the other hand, will radically change the way brokers and loan originators interact with the consumer.

Fiduciary duties does not mean a broker/LO will have to promise to obtain the best rate or the lowest fees or the best loan program. Instead this means the broker/LO will be required to put their client’s interests ahead of their own interests to make the loan. Fiduciary duties will be the subject of great debate during the next many months after the Governor signs this bill and it is sent to the state regulators for rule-making hearings.

Interestingly, there is a small sentence at the end of this bill that is largely going unnoticed by the broker/LO community because of the fear of the unknown surrounding fiduciary duties:

“A mortgage broker may contract for or collect a fee for services rendered if the fee is disclosed to the borrower in advance of the provision of those services.”

Earning a fee for service changes, for the better, how brokers and LOs could be compensated. Right now, a broker/LO can only earn a fee if a loan is made (with some very minor exceptions.) This compensation system creates a structure where brokers/LOs are externally rewarded for making lots of loans, whether or not a mortgage loan is in the best interest of the client.

fdutiesMany (not all) Brokers/LOs spend countless hours in a consulting and education role helping homeowners restructure their finances, improve their credit score, and so forth. However, the broker/LO cannot earn a fee for such services. ONLY when a loan is made can they earn a fee.

That will change after this bill goes into effect.

The consequences will be a separation of the men from the boys and the women from the girls. Those with the knowlege, skills, education, patience, experience, and other highly honed consultive skills will be able to charge more for their services and they will be worth it.

Memorizing sales scripts for how to “close” the customer is so 2007.

Why I Read Seattle Bubble

I use to stop by and read seattlebubble once a week. Now I visit several times a day. The place to go is the forums, where other seattlebubble readers stop by to put all kinds of interesting questions up for debate, offer interesting articles about the current state of the industry that I may have missed during the day, provide critical analysis of real estate statistics, debate what’s being said in the main stream media, and I like this blog for the entertainment, which is really what blogs can be at times: entertaining.

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When I first visited seattlebubble in early 2007, I found the voices of people who were questioning mainstream real estate industry tactics and strategies that I too had questioned during the bubble run-up years. I believe we have a lot to learn from people who do not necessarily agree with us. If raincityguide is mainstream rock and roll, seattlebubble is alternative punk rock. If raincityguide is macaroni and cheese, seattlebubble is mac and cheese with ketchup. If raincityguide is “No Country For Old Men,” seattlebubble is “I Drink Your Milkshake.”

Real estate agents in Seattle should read seattlebubble because there’s a good chance that your customers are reading it.

So why do I bring this up today? Seattlebubble has made it to the semifinals of the metroblogging contest. Simple concepts of game theory are played out here: what is good for your competition is also good for you. Cast your vote for seattlebubble here.

Internet Marketing Seminar for Realtors in California

Dustin Luther of RCG and 4realz.net has put together a series of Internet Marketing seminars for Realtors in California.

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I have been to one of Dustin’s seminars and couldn’t take notes fast enough! Dustin plans to cover quality website features and design, engaging in existing social networks, building an online community with blogs, and tracking and conversion to maximize return-on-investment….all in one day.

ROI is where I receive the most questions. Dustin, agents as well as brokers are questioning how to track ROI from blogging, how to minimize agent liability, and privacy concerns regarding personal client information. Will you cover these things as well?

Seminar Dates:
Los Angeles, March 6
San Diego, March 19
Orange County, March 31

Now if I could only find an excuse to be in California next month.

Homeowners in Foreclosure Should Hire an Attorney

When I teach the Short Sale class, I say many times during the class that homeowners selling short and homeowners in default should always be directed more than one time to seek legal counsel. Sometimes homeowners in financial distress don’t hear you the first time. Just handing them the agency pamphlet isn’t enough. Attorneys can help homeowners in ways that real estate agents cannot. They will know more about their state’s deed of trust laws and any state-specific anti-predatory lending laws as well as federal residential mortgage lending laws than an average real estate agent, and attorneys will have access to recent case law.

justiceStuck with a bad loan, a Staten Island family fights back
Staten Island Advance

David and Karen Shearon were like many other Staten Islanders stuck with bad loans, collapsing financially under the weight of a crushing mortgage less than a year after buying their first home.

But unlike thousands of others who have entered foreclosure as part of the fallout from the subprime lending crisis — homeowners often embarrassed by their situation and unable to afford legal representation — the Shearons fought back.

A judge recently ruled that the owners of this Westport Lane townhouse in New Springville home were victims of predatory lending.They argued through their attorney that brokers aggressively marketed them a high-cost loan and then pressured them to go through with the closing when they could have qualified for a traditional fixed-rate mortgage.

In what is likely to be a precedent-setting decision in New York, state Supreme Court Justice Joseph J. Maltese agreed with the Shearons, recently telling the bank that it could not foreclose on the couple’s New Springville townhouse and that it may have to pay them damages for their troubles and void the $355,000 mortgage on their Westport Lane home…

Judge Maltese determined the original lender violated banking law by failing to check the Shearons’ income and ability to pay the high-cost loan. He said the lender crossed the line again when it financed the home above the $335,000 sale price, using an additional $19,145 to pay the costs and fees associated with securing the high-cost loan. The Shearons’ $5,000 deposit, meanwhile, was never deducted from the ultimate $355,000 in financing.

“This ultimately left Shearon with negative equity in the property,” the judge wrote.

“The mortgage loans may be unenforceable and the homeowner may be entitled to reimbursement of all prior mortgage loan payments, the fees for obtaining the loans and attorney fees,” Maltese added.

At a hearing Feb. 28, the judge is expected to decide whether the mortgage should be voided and damages granted to the Shearons.

Read the entire story here.

I keep reading comments about how there are not enough regulators to adequately oversee state and federal lending laws. With the mortgage lending meltdown continuing into this election year, we are already seeing more proposed state and federal laws.

Question: Would the threat of having the mortgage voided in the courtroom be a more effective way of bringing some rapid order into the mortgage industry?

Pondering the 2008 RMBS Vintage

Because of increased loss expectations, Fitch Ratings has moved $139 billion subprime RMBS to Watch Negative due to losses from the 2006 and 2007 subprime vintages that are expected to range from 21 to 26 percent. Hat tip to Housing Wire.

Other ratings agencies have also increased their expectation on losses.  Standard & Poor expects losses on 2006 vintage subprime to approach 19%. Moody’s is estimating losses of 14 to 18%.

[photopress:fitch.jpg,thumb,alignleft]All throughout 2007 and now again in 2008 we continue to read stories from the ratings agencies about enhancements made to their default and loss models.   

Read: We should plan on more increases in loss expectations.

What I find interesting in the Housingwire article is that this is the first time a ratings agency is taking into account the fact that homeowners are walking away from their homes.  [emphasis added]

In Fitch’s opinion the contraction in the mortgage markets has contributed to an acceleration and deepening of home price declines, and has eliminated the option to sell or refinance a home to avoid foreclosure for many borrowers. Additionally, the apparent willingness of borrowers to ‘walk away’ from mortgage debt has contributed to extraordinarily high levels of early default, which is particularly noticeable in the 2007 vintage mortgages. As Fitch has described in recent research reports, this behavior appears to be largely attributable to the use of high risk mortgage products such as ‘piggy-back’ second liens and stated-income documentation programs, which in many instances were poorly underwritten and susceptible to borrower/broker fraud.

Fitch said it expected the 2007 classes under review (report due out in February) would be subject to “widespread and significant downgrades

If You Walk Away, I'll Walk Away

A couple of Seattle Bubble readers sent news stories to me last week on a new company called You Walk Away (hat tip to Alan and synthetik.) This company, which is headquartered in California, is selling a how-to kit for $1,195 to help homeowners make the process of walking away from their home and the mortgage, as painless as possible.  Even the promotional pictures on the site display happy people who look like regular, ordinary homeowners….except they’re moving OUT of their homes and they look like they’re really, really having some good quality HAPPY family time.

[photopress:brighteyes.jpg,thumb,alignright]A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away, most all mortgage lenders use to require a downpayment.  The reasons now seem obvious but even in a relatively stable housing market, when a person is putting some of their own money into the home purchase, that personal investment was seen as a good reason that could compensate for other reasons on why the lender said “yes” to the American dream for this particular borrower.  People use to think two, three and four times before walking away from a home when they would be walking away from their own hard-earned, after-tax dollar investment into the real property.  Those days went away with zero down, seller-paid closing cost loans.  One of the cards left that the lender is holding is a person’s credit history.  You Walk Away claims to connect you with their affiliated credit repair service so the borrowers can start repairing their credit immediately.

Then we had the 60 Minutes episode, “House of Cards” this past week interviewing a couple who had been advised to just walk away, which comes very close to legitimizing the practice: just stop making the payments, save the money, and live in your home until you absolutely have to move out.  Lender use to rely on the social stigma of foreclosure and the shame of walking away from one’s obligations. Now the logic of putting one foot in front of the other and walking away is starting to trump shame. 

So, what should homeowners do who are trying to make this decision?  I recommend finding a lawyer in your city that specializes in consumer protection or real estate law and paying for a face-to-face meeting to discuss all your options.  I will bet that in most cases, the cost of an attorney will be less expensive than the kit.  Google your state’s bar association to get started. 

Mortgage loan originators routinely give advice on how to repair your credit, and loan originators in most all states are only able to earn a fee when a loan is made, therefore this advice is given free of charge, as part of their ongoing relationship with you.  State laws on the foreclosure process such as your state’s Deed of Trust Act will also be available for you to read free of charge. To get started, just google it: “_Your State_ Deed of Trust Act.”  Also, non-profit housing associations provide FREE counseling to homeowners in default.  We all pay for this service by way of our tax dollars.  As a tax-paying person, I personally invite you to use these services if you need them and not to feel like this is only an option for someone unlike yourself.  To get started, visit Hud.gov and click on the phrase talk to a housing counselor located in the section “at your service.”  You’ll need to scroll through the list, and select an agency that offers “default counseling.”   What I would like you to avoid, because I care about you, reader-who-is-thinking-about-walking-away, is avoid the signs by the side of the road or any other person who appears to present themselves as an angel here on earth to rescue you, and promises something that sounds too good to be true. It is.  You are better off hiring an attorney.  Don’t have money for an attorney? See if you qualify for your state bar association’s free legal aid program. 

Washington State Legislative Alert: SB 6381 and SB 6452

Two Senate bills have been introduced into the state legislature this session.

The first bill, SB 6381 (link opens a 2 page PDF) will change the state’s Mortgage Broker Practices Act to require that mortgage brokers owe fiduciary duties to consumers.  In order to make fiduciary duties meaningful, they must be extended to include the loan originators that work under a mortgage broker. The legislature should make that crystal clear.  Many LOs work out of branch offices and are unsupervised on a day to day basis by their broker, who may be located in a different office or in a different state. 

[photopress:capital.jpg,thumb,alignleft]I recommend that the state legislature also include not only mortgage brokers but businesses licensed under the state’s consumer loan act.  We must not forget that the two largest predatory lending lawsuits in the United States were settled with companies that were NOT mortgage brokers but consumer loan lenders: Household Finance and Ameriquest.  If we do not make this change, unscrupulous mortgage brokers may just change the way they’re licensed. This loophole should be closed now.

The second bill, SB 6452 (link opens an 11 page document) also changes the state’s MBPA in an interesting way. At the bottom of page 3, this bill would remove a mortgage broker’s ability to quote a Yield Spread Premium range.  Recall that brokers can see the wholesale cost of mortgage money, and elect to quote a higher interest rate to the consumer and earn the difference as profit.  Sometimes, when a borrower wants a “no cost loan

What if Non-Profit Housing Associations Were Able to Originate Mortgage Loans?

The growth of non-profit associations within the real estate sector can be traced to 1977 and the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA).  At that time, banks began giving money to the non-profit housing sector in order to meet their CRA requirements. 

Non-profit housing agencies perform many services for the community.  First time homebuyer seminars, and then later, mortgage default counseling, preforeclosure workout assistance, help negotiating short sales, all for free or for a nominal cost.

Non-profits set up special training programs for loan originators and loan officers who want to be on the “approved